From the Vedic verses, it is clear that the people during Vedic time period were well aware of the other celestial bodies and they could even identify the planets in night sky like Jupiter(Brhaspati,Guru) and Venus(Venus,Sukra). While Jupiter is biggest and Venus is the brightest planet among the planets of the solar system.
RigVeda 4.50.4, Atharvaveda 20.88.4
बृहस्पतिः प्रथमं जायमानो महो ज्योतिषः परमे व्योमन्І
सप्तास्यस्तुविजातो रवेण वि सप्तरश्मिरधमत् तमांसि ІІ
अपनी ज्योति के द्वारा अंधकार को दूर करने वाला, बहुत प्रकार से उत्प्न्न होने वाला, सात छंदोमय मुख और सात रश्मियों वाला बृहस्पति विशाल सूर्य की भांति आकाश में सर्वप्रथम उत्प्न्न होता हैІ
"Brhaspati in the resplendent light of the culmination in heaven(sky), having seven months, with seven rays and producing sound conquers darkness."
A vedic verse in Taittiriya Brāhmana, which starts in a similar way as above Vedic verse, gives much more information which has astronomical significance.
Taittiriya Brāhmana 3.1.1
बृहस्पतिः प्रथमं जायमानः तिष्यं नक्षत्रमभि संबभूवІ
"Brhaspati, when rose first, did so in front of Tisya star". Tisya is the Vedic name for the star which is now known as Pusya(Delta Cancri). This rare conjunction of Jupiter with star Delta Cancri would have been discussed centuries ago in Vedas before 4000 BCE by Indian Vedic sages.
'Vena' mentioned in RigVeda is believed to be referred for planet Venus(Sukras). Even the list of wellknown 28 naksatras is found in Atharvaveda.
'Vena' mentioned in RigVeda is believed to be referred for planet Venus(Sukras). Even the list of wellknown 28 naksatras is found in Atharvaveda.