We all have read about Dalton's atomic theory which was proposed in 1803. According to this theory matter is composed of atoms which are indivisible and indestructible building blocks. These atoms combined to form molecules. But interestingly concept of atoms and molecules is discussed in Bhagwat Puran. Let's discuss those verses.
Verse 3.11.1
चरमः सद्विशेषाणामनेकोऽसंयुतः सदाΙ परमाणुः स विज्ञेयो नृणामैक्यभ्रमो यतःΙΙ
Verse 3.11.1
चरमः सद्विशेषाणामनेकोऽसंयुतः सदाΙ परमाणुः स विज्ञेयो नृणामैक्यभ्रमो यतःΙΙ
Minutest particle of a material, which can't be divided further, which is not combined with any another atom and which eternally exists is known as Parmanu(atom). Material body is a combination of such atoms.
Verse 3.11.4
स कालः परमाणुर्वै यो भुङ्क्ते परमाणुताम्Ι सतोऽविशेषभुग्यस्तु स कालः परमो महान्ΙΙ
स कालः परमाणुर्वै यो भुङ्क्ते परमाणुताम्Ι सतोऽविशेषभुग्यस्तु स कालः परमो महान्ΙΙ
The discrete unit of time which is further indivisible is called Parmanu(which is the time required by Parmanu to cover the space covered by Parmanu) and it extends over the whole life span of universe(from creation to dissolution) which is the longest measure of time.
Verse 3.11.5
अणुर्द्वौ परमाणु स्यात्तसरेणुस्त्रयः स्मृतःΙ जालार्करश्म्यवगतः खमेवानुपतन्नगात्ΙΙ
अणुर्द्वौ परमाणु स्यात्तसरेणुस्त्रयः स्मृतःΙ जालार्करश्म्यवगतः खमेवानुपतन्नगात्ΙΙ
Two Parmanus(atoms) make one Anu(molecule) i.e. diatomic molecule and three Anus combine to form Trasarenu which is known as Hexatom. This Hexatom is visible in sunlight which enters the room through eye holes of a lattice. One can see the hexatoms going up towards sky.
Bhagwat Puran has correlated matter with time, similar to the spacetime continuum (also discussed in Vedas). The finest unit of time is called Parmanu, which is equal to one millionth of a second, precisely 0.000032 seconds.
The concept of time division and calculation is discussed and time units are defined in Bhagwat Puran. In Lakshmi Tantra, it is suggested that Parmatama, Supersoul is in heart of everyone, by whom all avatars come to material universe and is in heart of the souls of in all 8400000 kinds of species.